Treatment of Periodontitis and Periodontosis

Chronic inflammation of the periodontium, which includes gums and gingival connections

The dental clinic of authorial prosthetics "Kiadent" provides comprehensive treatment for periodontitis. Our clinic is equipped with modern technology for laser therapy, gum treatment using Vector technology, and plasmolifting. The periodontology department operates in our clinic located in the center of Odessa, on Tiraspolskaya Street 12.

What is periodontitis: causes and risks of the disease

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of the periodontium, which includes the gums and the tooth-gingival attachments. The disease destroys the ligaments surrounding the tooth and the bone around the root, causing the teeth to lose their support, loosen, and eventually fall out of their sockets. Over time, infection spreads along the alveolar ridge, affecting more and more teeth.

Causes: The main cause of inflammation is dental deposits at the gum-tooth line, which create a favorable environment for pathogenic bacteria. The infection in the dental calculus irritates the mucosa, leading to inflammation, gum bleeding, or gingivitis . If gingivitis is not treated in time, periodontitis can develop against the background of chronic inflammation.

The disease can also be triggered by systemic issues in the body, malocclusion, poor restorations, orthopedic structures, or heredity.

What are the dangers of periodontitis?

Chronic gum inflammation leads to the deepening of periodontal pockets, allowing the infection to spread to the cement of the tooth root, periodontal ligaments, and bone tissue. In addition to the risk of tooth loss, periodontitis can cause systemic intoxication and increase the risk of cardiovascular, kidney, and other organ diseases.

Types of periodontitis

Localized

Pathological changes affect no more than 30% of the teeth. This form of the disease develops around poor restorations (overhanging fillings in the interdental space), orthodontic and orthopedic structures, or teeth with root caries.

Generalized

Pathological changes affect more than 30% of the teeth. Generalized periodontal inflammation develops due to poor oral hygiene, smoking, and systemic disorders in the body. In treating generalized periodontitis, it is essential to identify and address the cause of the pathology.

Chronic

The most common form of the disease develops slowly with periodic flare-ups of symptoms. The main cause of chronic periodontitis is dental calculus.

Aggressive

Destruction of the tooth ligaments occurs quickly without signs of inflammation in the soft tissues. Aggressive periodontitis is also called periodontosis. It is rare, occurring in only 2-4% of cases.

Can periodontosis be completely cured?

Periodontosis is less related to dental plaque and more connected to systemic issues in the body. Preserving teeth depends on a well-designed treatment plan and close cooperation between periodontists, endocrinologists, hematologists, and general physicians.

Symptoms of the disease at different stages

Early Stage

The initial stage of the disease is characterized by:

Bleeding, swelling of the gums;
Increased sensitivity of the interdental papillae;
Discoloration of the gum tissue.

In the chronic course of the disease, symptoms are mild, so patients rarely seek medical attention.

Middle Stage

In the middle stage, the above symptoms worsen, and the following are also observed:

Deepening of periodontal pockets;
Visible gaps between the teeth;
Slight gum recession.

Advanced Stage

In severe periodontitis, patients report:

Pathological tooth mobility;
Significant exposure of the tooth necks;
Purulent discharge;
Symptoms of general intoxication, periodic fever.

Periodontitis treatment plan

The main goal of the dentist in treating periodontitis is to preserve the patient's teeth. Achieving this requires a comprehensive approach that includes:

Eliminating sources of infection and controlling inflammation.
Achieving stable remission, regenerating lost gum tissue and periodontal ligaments, and, if necessary, rebuilding bone tissue around affected teeth.
In complex cases—removing loose teeth and preparing the alveolar ridge for prosthetics or dental implantation .

Treatment Stages

1. Step. Professional oral hygiene
The procedure removes tartar and soft deposits from the surface of the teeth. This is done using an ultrasonic scaler and air-abrasive treatment (Air Flow). After the procedure, the tooth enamel is fluoridated and polished.
The procedure is performed every 3-6 months.
2. Step. Removal of subgingival deposits
After cleaning the teeth, the dentist must remove dental plaque from the periodontal pockets. The cleaning of periodontal pockets is performed using:
Closed curettage. The dentist cleans the subgingival area of the tooth with special metal instruments and fills the area with an antiseptic gel.
Vector technology. Cleaning of the periodontal pockets is performed using the German Vector device—an ultrasonic scaler with an antiseptic solution delivery function.
Laser therapy. Laser treatment is performed after the curettage procedure to sterilize the periodontal pocket.
Number of procedures: generally, one visit is enough (in some cases, repeat cleaning of periodontal pockets may be required).
3. Step. Medication therapy
To relieve inflammation, the patient is prescribed a course of medicinal applications, rinses, antibiotics, and systemic anti-inflammatory drugs. To boost local immunity and stimulate regenerative processes, injections of hyaluronic acid and autologous plasma rich in growth factors (plasmolifting) are effective.
The number of procedures depends on the severity of the disease.
4. Step. Restoration of loose teeth
After removing subgingival calculus and controlling inflammation, it is necessary to restore the damaged periodontal tissue. This is done using guided regeneration of periodontal ligaments and bone tissue with Straumann, Osteon, or Geistlich products. During the procedure, tooth splinting is performed.

Surgical treatment of periodontitis

To thoroughly clean the subgingival area in moderate and severe forms of periodontitis, open curettage or flap surgery is used. This procedure is indicated when the depth of the periodontal pockets exceeds 5 mm, and conservative treatment is ineffective.

During the surgery, the dentist incises the gum mucosa and lifts the gum flap. This allows for a thorough cleaning of the tooth root, rebuilding of the destroyed bone tissue, and restoration of the proper gum contour to cover exposed tooth necks.

Prices

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The cost of periodontitis treatment depends on:

The severity of the disease;
The type and number of required procedures;
The chosen treatment method (conservative or surgical);
Required medications.

At our clinic, the cost of a periodontal treatment course (typically for one year) is calculated and fixed in a contract with the patient.

Full list of services for the treatment of periodontitis and periodontosis:

Consultation with a dentist
Gum treatment with the Vector device
Closed curettage in the area of one tooth
Open curettage in the area of one tooth
Temporary splinting for periodontal disease
Guided periodontal tissue regeneration
Professional cleaning with Air Flow (Ultrasound, Air-flow, tooth polishing with pastes)
Plasmolifting

Home treatment

Home treatment for periodontitis is possible only in cooperation with your periodontist and includes:

Carrying out prescribed treatments (medicated compresses, antiseptic rinses with chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, herbal infusions);
Careful oral hygiene as recommended by the dentist.

Home treatment with folk remedies without consulting a doctor is dangerous and can lead to disease progression and tooth loss.