Gum Treatment

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is an inflammatory process affecting the upper layers of the gums. The disease responds well to treatment because the infection does not reach the deeper tissues of the periodontium (ligaments, tooth cementum, bone tissue).

Causes of inflammation: The main cause is plaque due to poor oral hygiene. Other factors include improper tooth brushing, poorly placed fillings, hormonal imbalances, immune deficiencies, and chemical poisoning.

Symptoms: Mild swelling, bleeding gums, and changes in the color of the gum papillae.

Treatment approach: To treat gingivitis, professional cleaning at the clinic, a course of antiseptic rinses at home, and the patient’s adherence to proper oral hygiene are sufficient.

Periodontitis

Periodontitis often develops from chronic gingivitis and is characterized by the spread of inflammation to all periodontal tissues. Symptoms include plaque and tartar buildup under the gumline, deep periodontal pockets, destruction of periodontal ligaments, and bone tissue loss in the tooth socket.

Causes: Tartar, malocclusion, errors in prosthetics, systemic diseases like diabetes.

Symptoms of periodontitis: Early symptoms resemble gingivitis (swelling, itching, bleeding, bad breath), but later stages include gum recession, pus discharge from periodontal pockets, and tooth mobility.

Treatment approach: Achieving long-term remission requires a course of therapeutic and preventive procedures, as well as anti-inflammatory medications and antibiotics as prescribed by the doctor.

Periodontosis

Periodontosis is a degenerative process of the gums, periodontal ligaments, and bone tissue in the tooth socket without visible signs of inflammation. This rare pathology is often classified as aggressive periodontitis.

Causes: Systemic diseases and age-related changes.

Symptoms of periodontosis: Gum recession, exposed tooth necks, tooth mobility, and pus formation.

Prognosis: Treating periodontosis is a long and complex process. Periodontists often work closely with endocrinologists. Treatment plans are strictly individualized based on the patient's medical history.

Fistula

A fistula is a painful bump on the gum, ranging from 3 to 10 mm in diameter. This inflamed area is the outlet of a fistulous canal, through which pus from an infected tooth is released. It occurs due to chronic root infections, so treating the fistula requires comprehensive treatment of periodontitis.

Complete list of services for gum treatment:

• Application of medicinal dressings for oral and periodontal diseases (for 1 tooth);
• Gum treatment with the Vector device;
• Closed curettage for one tooth;
• Administration of medication into periodontal pockets;
• Gum curettage;
• Open curettage for one tooth;
• Temporary splinting of teeth for periodontal disease;
• Pericoronitis treatment;
• Abscess treatment (periostitis);
• Treatment of periodontitis and periodontosis;
• Gingivitis treatment;
• Flap surgery (for periodontitis) for one segment;
• Surgical treatment of periodontal pockets (gingivectomy);
• Plasmolifting;
• Ultrasonic tartar removal and root planing;
• Flap surgery (for periodontitis) for one tooth;
• Gum recession treatment;
• Bone grafting during periodontal treatment;
• Treatment of the dental arch using Vector technology.

Our clinic offers a comprehensive approach that includes:

Non-surgical removal of subgingival deposits

To clean periodontal pockets of tartar and bacterial films, our clinic uses:

• Closed curettage. This procedure involves cleaning tartar from beneath the gums using special metal instruments—curettes.
• Gum treatment with the Vector device. This method cleans periodontal pockets using an ultrasonic scaler with a special solution. This innovative German technology ensures highly effective cleaning with minimal tissue damage.
• Laser therapy. Laser treatment sterilizes periodontal pockets, coagulates affected tissues, and creates a protective biofilm. This method is very effective for the early stages of periodontitis.

Medication therapy and therapeutic applications

To eliminate inflammation and bleeding, therapeutic applications and courses of systemic anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs are highly effective.

Injections of hyaluronic acid (Revident), plasmolifting (injections of platelet-rich plasma from the patient), and immune support through vitamins and minerals have proven effective as part of comprehensive therapy.

Surgical methods

Surgical methods include flap surgeries (open curettage, gingivectomy), in which the root surface and gum line are cleaned after cutting the soft tissue.

Surgical treatment is prescribed when periodontal pockets exceed 5 mm, when there is significant gum recession, or when conservative methods are ineffective.

Preserving loose teeth in periodontitis

If the inflammation has affected the tooth’s supporting structures, preserving teeth requires tissue regeneration using:

• Guided regeneration of gum and periodontal tissues;
• Osteoplasty—restoring bone tissue volume around problematic teeth;
• Temporary splinting of loose teeth.

These restorative procedures are only performed after inflammation is controlled and the disease is in stable remission.

Prevention and treatment of gum tissue diseases involve proper oral hygiene:

• Regular tooth brushing, flossing, and using an irrigator (at least twice a day);
• Cleaning soft tissues of the mouth (tongue, gums, palate);
• Antiseptic rinses and compresses as prescribed by the doctor;
• Professional oral hygiene at the clinic every 3-6 months;
• Regular check-ups with a periodontist.

At the "Kiadent" custom prosthetics clinic, we offer an educational course on home prevention of periodontal diseases. This includes training in proper oral care and selecting the right hygiene products (toothbrushes, toothpaste, antiseptic solutions, irrigators, etc.).

• Can therapeutic treatment suffice?

  Antiseptic treatment and antibiotics will reduce inflammation. However, such treatment without surgery will provide only temporary relief. Food debris and bacteria will get trapped under the gum again, leading to recurrent pericoronitis. Additionally, caries or pulpitis may develop on the wisdom tooth. In some cases, the damage can be so extensive that the tooth must be extracted, even if it is properly positioned in the dental arch.